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channel decoupling

Channel decoupling is a model personalization technique in neural networks and distributed machine learning that divides the individual feature channels within network layers into distinct subsets of globally shared and locally private parameters. Unlike layer-wise parameter partitioning, which designates entire network layers as either shared or private, channel decoupling operates at the finer granularity of individual channels within layers. This structural separation allows a distributed model to learn common, generalizable feature representations across multiple clients through the shared channels while capturing client-specific data variations, such as feature shifts and label distribution skews, through the private channels. By balancing collaborative knowledge aggregation with localized adaptation, channel decoupling improves model performance and generalization in environments characterized by heterogeneous and non-identically distributed data.

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CD2-pFed: Cyclic Distillation-guided Channel Decoupling for Model Personalization in Federated Learning

CD2-pFed: Cyclic Distillation-guided Channel Decoupling for Model Personalization in Federated Learning

Yiqing Shen, Yuyin Zhou, Lequan Yu

OrganizationsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityUniversity of California, Santa CruzUniversity of Hong Kong

Why you should read this

Proposes a personalized federated learning framework that decouples model parameters at the channel dimension rather than across layers, pairing this design with cyclic knowledge distillation to address diverse non-IID data distributions across natural and medical image benchmarks.

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaboratively learn a shared global model. Despite the recent progress, it remains challenging to deal with heterogeneous data clients, as the discrepant data distributions usually prevent the global model from delivering good generalization ability on each participating client. In this paper, we propose CD²-pFed, a novel Cyclic Distillation-guided Channel Decoupling framework, to personalize the global model in FL, under various settings of data heterogeneity. Different from previous works which establish layer-wise personalization to overcome the non-IID data across different clients, we make the first attempt at channel-wise assignment for model personalization, referred to as channel decoupling. To further facilitate the collaboration between private and shared weights, we propose a novel cyclic distillation scheme to impose a consistent regularization between the local and global model representations during the federation. Guided by the cyclical distillation, our channel decoupling framework can deliver more accurate and generalized results for different kinds of heterogeneity, such as feature skew, label distribution skew, and concept shift. Comprehensive experiments on four benchmarks, including natural image and medical image analysis tasks, demonstrate the consistent effectiveness of our method on both local and external validations.

Added

2026-09-26