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Wikidata triples

Wikidata triples are standardized, machine-readable units of structured data that represent individual facts within the Wikidata knowledge base using a subject-predicate-object format. In this Resource Description Framework data model, the subject corresponds to a unique entity, the predicate denotes a specific relationship or property, and the object designates another entity, a literal value, or a concept. By linking entities through these three-part semantic statements, Wikidata triples construct an interconnected knowledge graph that enables automated reasoning, supports semantic queries using languages like SPARQL, and provides structured factual knowledge for applications in information retrieval, question answering, and artificial intelligence.

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MQuAKE: Assessing Knowledge Editing in Language Models via Multi-Hop Questions

MQuAKE: Assessing Knowledge Editing in Language Models via Multi-Hop Questions

Zexuan Zhong, Zhengxuan Wu, Christopher D. Manning, Christopher Potts, Danqi Chen

OrganizationsPrinceton UniversityStanford University

Why you should read this

Introduces the MQuAKE benchmark to evaluate whether knowledge-edited language models can propagate updates through multi-hop reasoning, revealing that existing weight-editing methods fail catastrophically and proposing a memory-based prompting alternative, MeLLo, that outperforms them by a large margin.

The information stored in large language models (LLMs) falls out of date quickly, and retraining from scratch is often not an option. This has recently given rise to a range of techniques for injecting new facts through updating model weights. Current evaluation paradigms are extremely limited, mainly validating the recall of edited facts, but changing one fact should cause rippling changes to the model's related beliefs. If we edit the UK Prime Minister to now be Rishi Sunak, then we should get a different answer to Who is married to the British Prime Minister? In this work, we present a benchmark, MQuAKE (Multi-hop Question Answering for Knowledge Editing), comprising multi-hop questions that assess whether edited models correctly answer questions where the answer should change as an entailed consequence of edited facts. While we find that current knowledge-editing approaches can recall edited facts accurately, they fail catastrophically on the constructed multi-hop questions. We thus propose a simple memory-based approach, MeLLo, which stores all edited facts externally while prompting the language model iteratively to generate answers that are consistent with the edited facts. While MQuAKE remains challenging, we show that MeLLo scales well with LLMs (up to 175B) and outperforms previous model editors by a large margin.¹

Added

2026-09-26